There are many types of gender
socialisation. Oakley in Haralambos and Holborn (2004) talks about the types
discussed below.
Canalisation
Canalisation is gender socialization through
interaction with toys and objects. Toys align children to play along the lines
of behavior expected of them when they graduate to be men and women and again
through interacting with these toys children develop different sets of
aptitudes and attitudes.
Verbal Appellations
These are the differential use of
descriptions and labels among boys and girls like, what a “good boy!” or “nice
girl!” or reprimands like, ‘oh! Boys don’t cry.’ This makes the children want
to keep up gender appearances as the children internalize the label(s) and
start to act and operate according to it.
Manipulation
Manipulation is the differential
attention and valuing given boys and girls like, mothers paying attention to
girls’ hair. Soon boys and girls learn that different things are expected of
them through the different treatment accorded them and engrave a deep sense of
what it is to be a boy or girl (that is, a deep sense of their self concept.)
Imitation
Imitation is when children observe their
parents or other elders and try to be like them. They, thus, learn how family governance
operates through observing adults at work.
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